Bergamo is a historic city in Lombardy, northern Italy, known for its dramatic division between the medieval Cittą Alta (Upper Town) on the hill and the more modern Cittą Bassa (Lower Town) below. The Upper Town is encircled by impressive 16th‑century Venetian walls, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a scenic promenade with wide views over the plains toward Milan. At the heart of the city lies Piazza Vecchia, a stunning square framed by the Palazzo della Ragione and the Campanone tower.