2013.09.19-22

Yogyakarta & Borobudur, Indonesia
日惹 與 婆羅浮屠 （印尼）


Yogyakarta is a city and the capital of Yogyakarta Special Region in Java, Indonesia. It is renowned as a centre of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry, and puppet shows. Yogyakarta was the Indonesian capital during the Indonesian National Revolution from 1945 to 1949.

Borobudur, or Barabudur, is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist Temple in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The monument consists of six square platforms topped by three circular platforms, and is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. A main dome, located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues seated inside a perforated stupa. The largest restoration project was undertaken between 1975 and 1982 by the Indonesian government and UNESCO, following which the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Borobudur is still used for pilgrimage; once a year Buddhists in Indonesia celebrate Vesak at the monument, and Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited tourist attraction.


「日惹」(Yogyakarta)是爪哇島上最古老的城市之一，曾為日惹王國首都，在1945至1949年的獨立戰爭中曾作為印尼的首都。日惹是印尼最重要的大學城和爪哇文化藝術中心，其周邊多古跡，著名的有婆羅浮屠等。日惹是目前印尼唯一由王室統治的省。

「婆羅浮屠」(Borobudur)是一座位於印度尼西亞中爪哇省的一座大乘佛教佛塔遺跡，距離日惹市西北40公里，是9世紀當時世上最大型的佛教建築物。2012年6月底，被金氏世界紀錄大全確認為當今世界上最大的佛寺。「婆羅浮屠」這個名字的意思很可能來自梵語「Vihara Buddha Ur」，意思就是「山頂的佛寺」。後來因為火山爆發，使這佛塔群下沉、並隱蓋於茂密的熱帶叢林中近千年，直到19世紀初才被清理出來，與中國的長城、埃及的金字塔和柬埔寨的吳哥窟並稱為「古代東方四大奇蹟」。