Kupeli Saliha Hatun was a woman who learned medicine from her husband Deniz bin Gazi, who died in 1620, after which she would perform operations – mainly in 1622-24 - on her own, specializing in inguinal hernias (occurs when tissue pushes through a weak spot in your groin muscle. This causes a bulge in the groin or scrotum. The bulge may hurt or burn). Her patients would be men from Istanbul, Bursa, Erzurum, Chios and so forth. She charged 300 – 3000 silver coins, in urgent cases even more.