Suomenlinna

Map of the island fortress of Suomenlinna protecting Helsinki	Sunlines Ferry from central Helsinki to the islands of Suomenlinna (Sveaborg) 3 km away	Bridge connecting Iso Mustasaari and Pikku Mustasaari (Stora Öster Svartö and Lilla Öster Svartö), Finland's naval academy	Passengers arriving at the main quay of Suomenlinna by ferry from central Helsinki
Suomenlinna, literally "Finnish Castle", Sveaborg, "Castle of the Swedes" in Swedish, UNESCO World Heritage Site	Sweden constructed the fortress in 1748 to defend against Russia	Prior to 1918, Suomenlinna was known as Viapori to Finnish-speakers	Clock Tower of Rantakararmi - Strandkasernen - Jetty Barracks
Sweden lost Sveaborg to the Russians on 3 May 1808 during the Finnish War	Lunch of grilled sausages at the Jetty Barracks restaurant	Rantakararmi - Strandkasernen - Jetty Barracks, Suomenlinna	Gate and clocktower of the Jetty Barracks, Suomenlinna
Clear spring day at Suomenlinna	Cafe Silo, one of several restaurants at Suomenlinna	Suomenlinnan Kirkko - the fortress church built by Russia in 1854	After Finland's independence, the Russian Orthodox Church was converted into a Lutheran church
The tower of Suomenlinna's church doubles at a lighthouse	Interior of the Church of Suomenlinna	Interior of the Church of Suomenlinna	The fence around Suomenlinna Church is made of old cannons and chain
The fence of cannons was erected in the 1870s	By the 1870s these cannons must have been obsolete	Park-like center of Stora Öster Svartö/Iso Mustasaari	Most of Suomenlinna was turned over to civilian administration in 1973 and received UNESCO listing in 1991
Suomenlinna is spread out over 5 main islands and several nearby islets	Artillery Bay Quay between the two largest island of Suomenlinna, Iso Mustasaari and Susisaari (Vargön)	2nd Battle of Svensksund 9 July 1790 a Swedish victory for King Gustav III against Russia	Inscription of the Fortress of Suomenlinna on the UNESCO World Heritage List
Gateway in the fortifications on Susisaari leading to the Great Courtyard - Vargön, Suomenlinna	Grand Courtyard of Suomenlinna	Grave of Augustin Ehrensvärd (1710-1772), designer of the Sveaborg Fortress for King Frederik I of Sweden	Cobblestone road leading to the west off the Great Courtyard, Suomenlinna
18th C. drydock of Suomenlinna, still in use today	Wooden hulls of two ships in dry dock covered in canvas, Suomenlinna	Short-barreled field artillery, Suomenlinna	Short-barreled field artillery, Suomenlinna
Wooden building (B34) on Vargön converted into a shop, Suomenlinna	South Bastion Hyve, Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	South Bastion Hyve, Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	South Bastion Hyve, Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna
Building B45, Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	Gun-slits lining the walls Bastion Hyve (B48), Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	Entrance to Bastion Hyve with only the hinges remaining of the gate, Suomenlinna	Dark and wet interior of Bastion Hyve, Suomenlinna
Château Hessenstein (1775-1777) on Iso Mustasaari fromBastion Hyve, Suomenlinna	Artillery Bay Bridge and Quay with the tower of Suomenlinna Church	Sarvilinna Hessenstein (1775-1777) on Iso Mustasaari, Artillery Bay, Suomenlinna	Submarine Vesikko, built at Crichton-Vulcan in Turku in 1933 for Germany
The Vesikko served as prototype for the German Tyle II U-Boats	Vesikko was purchased by Finland in 1936 as one of 5 submarines in the Finnish Navy	Removed from service in 1946 after WWII, the Vesikko has been restored as a museum ship	Diagram of the submarine Vesikko built for the Reichsmarine in violation of the Treaty of Versailles
Vesikko scored 1 naval victory in World War II sinking the Soviet freighter Vyborg in July 1941	German-made instrumentation from Schäffer & Budenberg, Magdeburg-Buckau	Cramped command center of the submarine Vesikko	One of Vesikko's 2 350 hp MWM diesel engines which provided 13 knots on the surface
Engine commands in the Finnish language on the submarine Vesikko	Engine Gauges, mostly Krupp manometers from Kiel, Vesikko	The Vessiko carried a crew of 16 in cramped conditions	The 1947 Treaty of Paris of forbids Finland from operating submarines and the whole fleet, except Vesikko, was scrapped in 1962
Starbord propeller and rudder of the submarine Vessiko	The submarine Vessiko has been on public display at Suomenlinna since 1973	Finnish submarine Vesikko, Suomenlinna	Artillery Bay and Sarvilinna Hessenstein, Suomenlinna
Artillery Bay and Sarvilinna Hessenstein, Suomenlinna	Pleasure boat motoring up Artillery Bay between Suomenlinna's two largest islands	East point of Bastion Hyve (B48), Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	Ravelin Godt Samvete/Hyvä Omatunto, Sveaborg/Savonlinna
Ravelin Godt Samvete/Hyvä Omatunto, Sveaborg/Savonlinna	Ravelin Godt Samvete/Hyvä Omatunto, Sveaborg/Savonlinna	Hanging out on the rocks by the water, Susisaari, Suomenlinna	Susisaari Beach, Suomenlinna
Inlet at Susisaari Beach, Suomenlinna	Russian Heavy Coastal Defense Artillery installed on Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	Boy adding scope to the size of the heavy artillery of Suomenlinna	Russian Heavy Coastal Defense Artillery, Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna
Russian Heavy Coastal Defense Artillery, Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	S/V Valborg, 1948, under sail passing Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	Earthwork defense on Suomenlinna's Kustaanmiekka island (Gustavssvärd)	Small outer islands of the Helsinki archipelago from Suomenlinna
Rocks of Kustaanmiekka looking south to the outer islands in the Gulf of Finland	Heavy coastal artillery from the mid-late 19th C., Suomenlinna	Rifled barrel on a piece of Russian heavy coastal artillery, Suomenlinna	Inscription on a piece of Russian heavy coastal artillery "ZAMKOM"
Russian Heavy Coastal Defense Artillery, Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	S/V Valborg sailing out the channel between Kustaanmiekka and Vallisaari	S/V Valborg, sailing ship of type "kaksimastoinen hiekkajaala"	S/V Valborg sailing out the Gulf of Finland
Bastion Zander protecting the southeast corner of Suomenlinna	Heavy Coastal Artillery, Kustaanmiekka, Suomenlinna	Heavy Coastal Artillery, Bastion Zander, Suomenlinna	The flag of an independent Finland was hoisted over Suomenlinna for the first time on 12 May 1918
Bastion Zander was built by Sweden 1748-1750	Small entrance leading into Bastion Zander, Suomenlinna	Inside the defenses of Bastion Zander, Suomenlinna	Picnicing beneath the stout walls of Bastion Zander, Suomenlinna
Stern-wheel paddle boat Vispilä with tourists off Suomenlinna	King's Gate, 1753-54, Suomenlinna	Dedication to King Frederik I of Sweden laying the first stone of Sveaborg in 1748	Coastal defense artillery and mortars, Suomenlinna
Bastion Carpelan (Building A5),Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	War flag and ensign of Finland, Suomenlinna	Bastion Zander protecting the southeast corner of Suomenlinna	S/V Valborg returning from its cruise past Suomenlinna
East channel of Suomenlinna leading into Helsinki Harbor	Obsolete cannons lined up on Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd), Suomenlinna	Kurikomppania (Building A3), 1881, Suomenlinna	Kurikomppania (Building A3), 1881, Suomenlinna
Landfill now connecting the islands of Kustaanmiekka (Gustavssvärd) and Susisaari (Vargön), Suomenlinna	Sunbathers and picnickers on the rocks of Susisaari, Suomenlinna	Bastion Polhem (B51), 1752-1755, Suomenlinna	Building B28 of Suomenlinna, now occupied by the Helsinki International Artists Program (HIAP)
Arched passageway through the center of Building B28, Suomenlinna	Building B19 which forms the south side of the Great Courtyard, Suomenlinna	Hop-On Hop-Off sightseeing boat arriving at the Artillery Bay Quay, Suomenlinna	Sotamuseon Maneesi - Military Museumof the Manège, Suomenlinna
Officer's Club of Suomenlinna, building C53	Barnacle Goose (Branta leucopsis), Suomenlinna	Main Quay of Suomenlinna (Sveaborg)