Monte Carlo (literally "Mount Charles") was our fifth stop on this cruise. It is situated at the base of the Maritime Alps along the French Rivera. Near the western end of the quarter is the world-famous Place du Casino, the gambling center which has made Monte Carlo "an international byword for the extravagant display and reckless dispersal of wealth". It is also the location of the Hotel de Paris, the Café de Paris, and the Salle Garnier (the casino theatre which is the home of the Opera de Monte Carlo. Charles III of Monaco was responsible for turning the Monte Carlo district and Manaco into a thriving town.

Founded in 1866, Monte Carlo has a name of Italian origin meaning "Mount Charles", in honor of the then-reigning prince, Charles III of Monaco. The history of the area and the ruling Grimaldi family, however, dates back centuries. The port of Monaco is first mentioned in historical records as early as 43 BC, when Julius Ceasar concentrated his fleet there while waiting in vain for Pompey.
Monaco officially received full autonomy in 1524, but experienced difficulty retaining power, and on occasions briefly fell under the domination of Spain, Sardinia, and France.