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Brakes on any vehicle work with a friction pad placed against a disc with force. The friction of the pad against the disc causes heat to spread out over the brake disc, causing the car to slow. This is also true for brake drums that have the brake shoe pressing against them. The brake drums heat up, causing the car to slow down again.




Starting under your foot the pressure you apply to the brake pedal is transferred to the brake servo, this utilises engine power to increase the pressure and ensuring you can still feel your leg after a long journey!


How is the pressure transferred to the friction (brake) pads? The secret to brake fluid is in the brake pipe, which runs from the servo and the brakes. Fluid is used as cables would require constant adjustment due to stretching from the heat and constant use.


As mentioned the heat is dissipated from the pad by the brake discs. Ventilated brake discs provide better heat dissipation and more efficient cooling. Ventilated discs improve the air ratio, reduce the buildup of gases, and maintain clean pads. You can fit larger discs to improve the braking performance of high-performance cars, but you might need to use different wheels.


Brake pads are obviously an essential part in stopping your car and the higher the friction the better the performance. Fast road pads give a good compromise between standard and racing pads with some generating zero pads. Remember that regardless of the pads your driving style will play a large part in the wear on the pads and discs.


ABS prevents lockups when you brake hard. It also allows you to steer your car, but ABS will cut in more.


Brake upgrades

Braided hoses made of stainless steel resist bending and loss of pressure at the pad ends. They also look better and theoretically last longer. Get a complete set and do both the front and the back.


You have many options to upgrade your cars braking system. An easy upgrade is to fit larger discs. For example, if you have a family car with small discs, you can visit your local breaker to get parts or order online for a performance version. Small cars usually share the same brake parts than their larger brothers and just a small amount of research could turn up some surprises.


General Maintenance of Your Brake System

At least once per year you need to give your brakes a once over. Check your brake pads and discs for wear. The edge of the discs shouldn't have a ridge due to excessive wear. Thin discs can crack under extreme heat conditions. You should check your pads for wear, as they can eat into your discs.


Brake fluid levels should be changed at least once per year but no longer than every two years.


One point to make is to test your brakes by applying them after driving through standing water to remove the water and grease build up.


I hope that you found this useful. It's important to pay attention to your brakes in order to safely stop your car.


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