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The Eads Bridge (1874; now a national historic landmark) connected the railroads throughout the Mississippi, and the city continued to be a major transportation hub. In 1904 the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (also called the St. Louis World's Fair) was held just west of the city in Forest Park to commemorate the centennial of the Louisiana Purchase.

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Financial backing from St. Louis business people sponsored Charles A. Lindbergh's historic 1927 nonstop solo flight throughout the Atlantic Ocean in the Spirit of St. Louis. A congested street at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. St. Louis's population increased steadily during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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During that period, African Americans were a growing percentage of the newcomers. The city's population consequently declined quickly. By 2000 it was only about two-fifths of its 1950 level, roughly comparable to what it had actually been in 1880. The majority of those leaving the city were people of European origins who poured into the surrounding suburbs; those communities, in turn, rapidly grew in size.

Louis likewise dropped, however at a much slower rate, and by 2000 blacks made up more than half of the city's homeowners. Map of St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. (c. 1900), from the 10th edition of Encyclopdia Britannica. Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc. Found Here . Louis remains a major transportation and circulation centre.

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It is the northern most point on the Mississippi that remains ice-free all year; major cargoes consist of grain, coal, petroleum products, and chemicals. St. Louis is likewise one of the country's biggest rail centres and has a global airport and an extensive network of interstate highways. The city is the headquarters for a number of significant corporations.

Manufacturing is still a primary element, and products include beer, chemicals, metal products, missiles, military airplane, and vehicles. High-technology industries are also crucial, and an flying force base is nearby in Illinois. Numerous organizations of greater education remain in the metropolitan area. St. Louis University (1818) preserves the Pius XII Memorial Library, which protects microfilm of Vatican Library treasures.

Eliot, and St. Louis College of Pharmacy dates from 1864. The University of MissouriSt. Louis (1963) is simply northwest of the city. Other schools consist of Lindenwood University in St. Charles (1827 ), Harris-Stowe State College (1857 ), Maryville University of St. Louis (1872 ), Webster University (1915 ), Fontbonne University (1923 ), and St. Louis Community College (1962 ).