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Symbolic gestures in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism Indian Buddha Shakyamuni statue making the bhmispara or "earth witness" mudra, c 850 12th-century Japanese scroll showing various mudra gestures A mudra (; Sanskrit:, IAST: mudr, "seal", "mark", or "gesture"; Tibetan:, THL: chakgya,) is a symbolic or routine gesture or pose in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.

As well as being spiritual gestures utilized in the iconography and spiritual practice of Indian faiths, mudras have meaning in many forms of Indian dance, and yoga. The variety of mudras used in each field (and religious beliefs) varies, but with some overlap. In addition, much of the Buddhist mudras are used outside South Asia, and have actually established different regional kinds somewhere else.

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It is likewise associated with bindu, bodhicitta, amrita, or awareness in the body. Unlike older tantric mudras, hatha yogic mudras are typically internal actions, involving the pelvic flooring, diaphragm, throat, eyes, tongue, rectum, genital areas, abdomen, and other parts of the body. Examples of this diversity of mudras are Mula Bandha, Mahamudra, Viparita Karani, Khecar mudr, and Vajroli mudra.

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Etymology and classification [edit] The word mudr has Sanskrit roots. According to scholar Sir Monier Monier-Williams it means "seal" or "any other instrument used for sealing". This Is Cool [edit] Mudra is utilized in the iconography of Hindu and Buddhist art of the Indian subcontinent and explained in the bibles, such as Ntyastra, which notes 24 ("separated", suggesting "one-hand") and 13 ("joined", suggesting "two-hand") mudras.

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Along with ("seated postures"), they are employed statically in the meditation and dynamically in the practice of Hinduism. Hindu and Buddhist iconography share some mudras. In some regions, for example in Laos and Thailand, these stand out but share related iconographic conventions. According to Jamgn Kongtrl in his commentary on the, the accessories of wrathful deities and witches made from human bones (Skt:; Wylie: rus pa'i rgyanl phyag rgya) are also known as mudra "seals".

The main mudras used represent specific minutes in the life of Gautama Buddha, and are shorthand depictions of these. Abhaya Mudr [modify] The "gesture of valiancy" represents defense, peace, benevolence and the dispelling of worry. In Theravada Buddhism it is typically made while standing with the best arm bent and raised to take on height, the palm facing forward, the fingers closed, pointing upright and the left hand resting by the side.