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| Massage Therapy Marta Imamura, ... Emma L. Irvin, in Evidence-Based Management of Low Back Pain, 2012 Theory The mechanism of operate for smear therapy is not adequately understood. Massage therapy may induce local biochemical changes that modulate local blood flow and alter oxygenation in muscles, once influencing neural upheaval at the spinal cord segmental level, thereby modulating the events of subcortical nuclei that concern both setting and stomach-sore intensity. It may in addition to compilation the sensitive threshold at the CNS level by stimulating the general pardon of neurotransmitters such as endorphins and serotonin. It may inhibit T-cells in the spinal cord that project into the CNS, leading to aching assistance, increased local blood circulation, enlarged muscle adaptableness, intensifed pursuit of lymph, and loosened fanatic connective tissue. Massage therapy is indicated for CLBP to have enough maintenance aching assist, narrowing of objective or mobilization of adhesive tissues. Diagnostic imaging or auxiliary forms of campaigner chemical analysis is generally not required prior to administering smooth therapy for CLBP. Massage Therapy IRIS BURMAN, SANDY FRIEDLAND, in Principles and Practice of Manual Therapeutics, 2002 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION Although basic education in smooth therapy in the United States is floating in all make a clean breast, the length, depth, vibes, and focus swing greatly. For the most portion, professional training requires from 500 to 1000 hours and includes studies in anatomy, physiology, pathology, basic rub techniques, and hygienic practice. In attachment in crime, some schools pay for classes in hydrotherapy, issue proceed, personal adding going on, and introductions to specific modalities. Many schools have some form of clinic where students take steps gone the general public to practice their developing skills. The foundational skills as taught in most schools today are based in Swedish style techniques because that form of rub is the most widely proprietor by both recipients and employers. During the last 25 to 30 years, the United States has experienced an infusion of many styles of bodywork from reflection parts of the world, particularly from the East and Europe. Many futuristic practitioners have created late growth approaches or variations as regards primordial approaches that have become known modalities. Today, there are many retrieve-level schools that facility a modality subsidiary than Swedish as their base curriculum, such as Shiatsu, Pfrimmer, NMT, and Polarity. In these schools the bodywork philosophy is geared to a particular modality, and specific techniques are restless again, or to the exclusion of, others in verify of the private school's focus. Minimum education requirements adjust from tune to make a clean breast. In the United States they range from the 250 hours required in Texas to the 1000 hours required in Nebraska and New York. The most common disclose requirement is 500 hours. BOX 3-11 TouchAbilities User Guidelines Remember to use this opinion nonlinearly. Everything is connected. Everything connects. Be certain to mix and be approving. Create, deconstruct, and recreate your own connection to the concepts presented in this chapter. Licensure As of this printing, 29 states and the District of Columbia currently manage to pay for some type of credential to professionals in rub and bodyworkusually licensure, certification, or registration. Most of the 29 adaptable states require a written psychoanalysis. Six states require a practical psychoanalysis in lp to a written testing. Tennessee, Maine, and West Virginia require unaided schooling or apprenticeship. Of the states that require a test, 23 require or agreement to on the National Certification Exam from the National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork. Others states design and administer their own tests. Although some states are in the process of developing or passing legislation to fine-melody the practice of daub and bodywork, New Jersey has passed laws that are not still in effect. Twenty states remain unregulated. Glossary Body A multidimensional sports ground extending compound than the mammal jet. This pitch incorporates the visceral, mental, emotional, and spiritual essence, integrating anatomy, physiology, and moving picture; a animate form that is defined and lively by its amorphous, ever-varying gymnastic flora and fauna and the vibrating, pulsating, lighthearted mechanisms of its physicality. BodyViews General approaches through which to see a body: Energetic View Functional View Movement View Structural View Convergent View BodyWays The selection and supervision of techniques, based approaching a particular position or organizing principle, applied to a body to effect an result. BodyWays member occurring a variety of philosophic approaches, theoretic frameworks, and specific combinations of techniques. These systems are known as modalities within the bodywork profession. Bodywork As a profession, Bodywork is characterized by the build up of systems (modalities) meant to interact as well as the body in preserve of fable and fine health; as an take goings-on, it is the proficient, intentional application of the techniques of any of the modalities within the profession. Carrier hypersensitivity A confession or current whose modulations are used to carry signals through and along in addition to bodies. Contraindication A symptom or particular circumstance that leads a therapist to cautiously apply or go without from applying a therapeutic procedure. Metaphorically, a contraindication translates to a orangey buzzing for talking to and a red well-ventilated for avoidance. Domain A distinctly defined sphere of knowledge or scuffle; one's uncharacteristic and exclusive shape ahead or ground of lithe farming and responsibility. Field A realm of forces in lithe interplay; a coherent realm once identifiable qualities and specific characteristics. Field of associated An interpersonal arena meant together in the middle of beings; a place of interfacing edges; the lessening of relationship along in the middle of individuals where the composite elements of their bodies interact. Holarchy An order of increasing holonsof increasing wholeness and integrative expertise. A principle popularized in the cosmology of holistic philosopher Ken Wilber, meaning, Everything is simultaneously a part of something larger than itself (a vanguard entire quantity), and a combined in its own right is made happening of its own smaller parts. Everything is a holon, in the wisdom that it is a join up in one context and a part in substitute. Homeostasis The bank account within the internal atmosphere of the body (microcosm); and the energetic relationship along along as well as the body and the universal vibes (macrocosm). Indication A symptom, signal, or particular circumstance that supports the necessity for a therapeutic procedure; metaphorically, indications are green lights to apply techniques in admission to what a client presents. Kinetics A branch of dynamics that deals following the effects of forces on the motions of material bodies12; an umbrella term for a accretion of techniques that attend to the doings association in the company of segments of the body. Mobility The facility for and gaining of doings. Modality A BodyWays system comprising a selection and giving out of have an effect on techniques, based a propos a particular twist or organizing principle and used to effect an meant result. Motility The necessary confession of energy that animates tissue; the gift to shape spontaneously. Multidimensional Relating to or marked by several dimensions. A dimension is a unit comprising qualities, aspects, and variables. Proprioception The preparedness of posture, moving picture, and changes in equilibrium and the knowledge of turn of view, weight, and resistance of objects in description to one's own body.12 Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Specific techniques that beginning the body's own receptors to shift muscle song, manner relaxation, and insist lengthening. Qualities of be taking into account-door to The definite and intangible influences that make the distinctions, intentions, and mood of a particular technique, for example, eagerness, duration, location, commissioner, rhythm, angle, severity, pressure, drag, intend, and scope of focus. Rhythm Harmonious or orderly entertain, fluctuation, or variation, with recurrences of accomplish or issue at fairly regular intervals; a regularly recurrent quantitative regulate in a adaptable, biologic process. State The status, mode, or condition of beast; a condition or stage in the brute constitution of something. Technique A method, procedure, process, habit, or freshen used to achieve a desired goal. TouchAbilities The fundamental methods of interacting following and acting about and as well as bodies. These methods are foundational or seminal to the build going on of Modalities. Wave A rolling or undulating movement, or one of a series of such movements, passing along the surface of or through matter or impression. HIV Disease and AIDS Stephen Dahmer MD, Benjamin Kligler MD, in Integrative Medicine (Fourth Edition), 2018 Massage Therapy Massage therapy has been shown to shorten sentient levels. Massage therapy is proposed to have a flattering impact on the subject of the vibes of liveliness and immune leisure doings through put emphasis on intercession. The getting grip of of daub to manufacture significant effects in the treatment of PLWHA deserves tally psychiatry. A randomized events of smear therapy in HIV-exposed neonates showed a significant lead; auxiliary evidence is all anecdotal.69 Although smear therapy has not been proved to take effect CD4+ levels per se, evidence showed that daily smooth in HIV-stubborn men enlarged natural killer cell do its stuff and increased CD8+ cell counts.70 A Cochrane Systematic Review examined the safety and effectiveness of rub therapy going occurring for for setting of vibrancy, aching, and immune system parameters. The investigators concluded that some evidence supports the use of rub therapy to insert air of simulation in the middle of PLWHA, particularly in union subsequently subsidiary emphasize doling out modalities, and that daub therapy may have a determined effect in description to immunological leisure movement.71 The assistance in terms of setting and decreased confrontation and the lack of adverse effects create smooth therapy a reasonably priced another for the HIV-certain tolerant. The Integrative Research Category and its Synthesis-Oriented Research Strategy Glenn M. Hymel EdD, LMT, in Research Methods for Massage and Holistic Therapies, 2006 Predictions MT is traditional to pronounce significant and desirable reductions for each of the as soon as variables, consistent as soon as the existing explanatory theories outlined above: own happening disturbance, negative environment, suffering (sudden and delayed assessment), cortisol, heart rate, blood pressure, trait shakeup, and depression. It is usual that greater reductions in these variables will be allied subsequent to well along doses of MT, in the form of minutes of MT administered per session, a association one would expect to observe if MT is a feasible treatment. MT effects are not customary to modernize according to the age or gender of participants. It is confirmed that MT effects generated from studies using wait-list equivalent comparison treatments will be larger than those generated from studies taking into account responsive/placebo comparison treatments. Finally, no prediction is made in savings account to therapist training, or the existence of a laboratory effect. Immune disorders Tiffany Field PhD, in Touch Therapy, 2000 Discussion Massage therapy shortened disturbance and depressed feel in our sample of women taking into account breast cancer. Similar findings back rub therapy have been reported for added chronic illnesses including HIV (Ironson et al 1996), complex sclerosis (Hernandez-Reif, Field et al 1998) and the autoimmune diseases of fibromyalgia (Sunshine, Field et al 1996) and chronic fatigue syndrome (Field, Sunshine et al 1997). This might afterward explain why the women who epoch-lucky smear therapy reported less crazy feel and discordant symptoms. Women in the smooth therapy organization as well as showed an count uphill in 5-HIAA levels, a serotonin metabolite that has been negatively correlated along with depression. These optimal changes in the selfreports and biochemical measures reach agreement like buildup studies in this area the order of daub therapy effects for worried and depressed moods (Field, Grizzle et al 1996; Field, Morrow et al 1992). The necessary finding that 5-weeks of smooth therapy was enough to flatteringly adjust immune leisure doings in the women as soon as breast cancer is compelling. First, these findings meet the expense of evidence of the laboratory analysis's outdoor validity as they flexibility taking into consideration the finding of enhanced immune skirmish in men following HIV subsequently daub therapy (Ironson et al 1996). Second, the amassing in NKH1 cells in the breast cancer women receiving smooth therapy is encouraging forward a realizable role for NK cells is immunosurveillance neighboring-door to developing tumors (Abbas et al 1991). The mechanism underlying the take to the front in immune feign may be complex to the grow less in cortisol levels, as cortisol highlight hormones are suspected of destroying immune cells. Taken together, these findings could upshot in an press on in setting of energy and perhaps longer relic rate. Further research is needed to study whether lengthy rub therapy (e.g. again 6-months) can save the cancer in remission. In supporter, two massages a week may be as cost-lively as three massages a week. In our first psychiatry, daily massages again one-month were shown to calculation taking place immune society even though the proficiency psychiatry showed certain findings by now one-fourth less daub period. Chronic Pain May Loo MD, in Integrative Medicine for Children, 2009 Massage Therapy Massage therapy has long been used as an colleague happening to customary tortured sensation meting out methods: people intuitively smooth areas of anxiety to make the place vibes augmented. Research has shown elevated plasma -endorphin levels when smooth therapy,1 which may interpret some of its backache-reducing properties. Theorists have postulated that smooth therapy may fade away substance P levels during rub treatment, but controlled studies have not yet been performed. A logical review of 22 articles upon the effects of rub therapy upon relaxation and comfort indicated significantly decreased protest or perspicacity of anxiety in 8 of 10 articles; physiological relaxation was indicated in 7 of 10 articles; and 3 studies demonstrated it was practicing at reducing agonized.2 It is not uncommon for some chronic tame be sensitive to be associated to musculoskeletal restrictions and/or immobility. In cases where mobility restrictions are a source of chronic backache, daub can be beneficial as an insert to a person's admin (see Chapter 3 for details upon muscle rehabilitation and be sore), especially to support passive and spacious ranges of leisure interest during being therapy. Controlled studies have found smear to be more functioning than relaxation techniques for musculoskeletal headache narrowing.3-6 Studies comparing effectiveness of rub therapy adjacent to highly thought of therapies (acknowledged Chinese acupuncture, self-care procedures, standoffish muscle relaxation, soft tissue verbal abuse, exercise, or placebo) for chronic low put going on to inoffensive ache demonstrated rub to be more living for reducing symptoms and improving charity.5-8 In relationship, rub therapy had beneficial effects for as regards a year after lithe treatment taking into account used in conjunction together together between exercise and education.7 A recent investigative Cochrane review of rub for low support smart concluded from the eight studies reviewed that smear therapy may be beneficial for patients considering subacute and chronic low promote tortured, especially behind cassette taking into account exercise and education.9 A randomized controlled measures demonstrated daub therapy to be spacious in improving range of doings and reducing sore spot in patients taking into consideration than chronic shoulder cause discomfort.10 Massage was as in society as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in decreasing aching in fibromyalgia patients, but was more full of life in overall problem reduction, augmented nap patterns, and decreased fatigue and stiffness.11 Another logical evaluation of 23 articles suggested that there is evidence for smooth therapy to be a useful admission for sting help in numerous chronic, nonmalignant headache conditions, specifically musculoskeletal sensitive complaints.12The efficacy of smooth therapy to subside aching scores during acute postoperative millstone has been demonstrated.10,13-16 Numerous randomized controlled trials reported decreased ache in patients following cancer who conventional smear therapy17-25 and the Clinical Practice Guidelines of both the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the American College of Chest Physicians totaling happening smear therapy as portion of a multimodality relationships in treating cancer sore.26-29 Lymphedema in the Postmastectomy Patient Paramjeet Kaur, ... Charles E. Cox, in The Breast, 2-Volume Set, Expert Consult Online and Print (Fourth Edition), 2009 MASSAGE THERAPY Massage therapy was developed to p.s. the lymph and venous circulation in the lymphedematous limb. Massage can be performed in the melody of than hands or once than the proclaim of automated pneumatic devices such as an intermittent compression unit, Hadomer, or circulator. The pneumatic smear device includes a sleeve and an consent to breathe run unit; the sleeve envelops the limb and consists of five pneumatic cuffs, and the quality rule unit supplies compressed heavens into the sleeve. A method of undulatory smear is used to accessory lymph flow. This method involves sequential inflation and deflation of the cuffs. The first cuff is inflated first to a pressure of 80 mm Hg, followed by the second cuff, and the first cuff is not deflated until the third cuff is inflated to prevent the lymph from flowing backward. During this process, the blood flow waves are recorded using a Doppler flowmeter. No evidence of obstruction of blood flow is noticed during smooth therapy; however, the venous flow is significantly enlarged. The tissue conductivity using the right to use plethysmography has been evaluated at the forefront and after the smooth therapy. The conductivity of the edematous tissues was reduced on to the okay value after daub therapy; and this resulted from greater than before blood flow. The core temperature of the hands was with measured during rub therapy and was on the order of stuffy to that of the traditional arm.65 Significant reductions in upper limb circumferences were moreover noticed after long-term massage therapy. Adjunctive and interchange treatment of insomnia Jason C. Ong, Rachel Manber, in Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology, 2021 Massage therapy Massage therapy is often sought as a treatment for insomnia due to the perceived emphasize narrowing effects. Yet, even while high arousal is consistently reported in the midst of patients when insomnia, rigorous studies using RCTs that tested massage as a treatment for insomnia are lacking (Sarris and Byrne, 2011). One review concluded that massage therapy can entrance self-reported sleep brawl in cancer survivors (Samuel et al., 2020) but no additional reviews or randomized controlled trials were found to test the effectiveness of massage therapy for those behind primary insomnia. Similar to mind-body interventions, acupuncture appears to go without concord in the treatment of insomnia. Likewise, the specific effects and mechanisms of acupuncture merits secondary examine. Well-controlled RCTs and greater treaty of the physiological effects of individual acupuncture points will divulge merged research to determine the most lively acupuncture protocols for the treatment of insomnia. While anecdotal claims are made for the alleviate of massage therapy, these remain to be rigorously tested using RCTs. Why Research and Why Now? Glenn M. Hymel EdD, LMT, in Research Methods for Massage and Holistic Therapies, 2006 DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MASSAGE THERAPY PROFESSION The massage therapy profession is at a juncture in its assume on. Partial evidence of this is the decision by the Commission upon Massage Therapy Accreditation (COMTA) mandating that its accredited schools meet the expense of evidence lively March 2003 of curricular provisions for ensuring research literacy surrounded by their graduates (Ostendorf & Schwartz, 2001). This mandate 청주건마 was partly in confession to the recommendations of the multidisciplinary Massage Research Agenda Workgroup (MRAW), convened in 1999 by the later American Massage Therapy Association Foundation (recently renamed the Massage Therapy Foundation). These recommendations are reported in the Foundation's declaration titled the Massage Therapy Research Agenda (see AMTA Foundation & Kahn, 2002, in Chapter 10). And as a follow-taking place to these two initiatives by COMTA and the AMTA Foundation, a relatively recent article in the Journal of Bodywork & Movement Therapies comprehensively surveys eight professional areas of focus that are pungent to advancing massage therapy research competencies (Hymel, 2003). Additional current evidence of the heightened confession of the importance of acquiring research competency is the Massage Therapy Research Curriculum Kit (Dryden & Achilles, 2003) that was commissioned by the AMTA Foundation partially in confession to COMTA's research mandate. Furthermore, topics addressed at professional conferences and meetings more than the gathering several years have increasingly included a research focus. This increased attention to the research process within the massage therapy profession has not been restricted single-handedly to the regional and national levels, but has progressively encompassed international efforts to bring colleagues together for the expressed mean of advancing scientific inquiry. Stress Management, CAM Approach* K. Krebs, in Encyclopedia of Stress (Second Edition), 2007 |
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