Prague was one of the most important centers of Jewish life in Europe until WWII. In 1939, the Jewish population of Prague was about 92,000, about 20% of the city's population. In 1945, only 15,000 Jews had survived the Holocaust. It's a difficult history to summarize in a few lines. I provide this link for those interested in reading this interesting history: http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Prague.html

Several figures or sites are the "must sees" of Jewish Prague: the cemetery with its crowds of tombstones marking multiple burial spots, literally one on top of the other; the famous Rabbi Loew (called the Maharal) and the legend of the creature he created called the Golem; the famous writer, Franz Kafka, whose writings were salvaged and published by Max Brod when he emigrated to Israel. Today the old synagogues of Prague are museums of a culture and people who settled there in the 12th century and lived there for nearly 10 centuries.