Karol Waclaw Swierczewski, callsign Walter; born on 22 February 1897 in Warsaw, died on 28 March 1947 at Jablonki, near Baligrod, was a Pole who became a Soviet military officer and a general. He served as a general in the service of the Soviet Union, Republican Spain and the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity after World War II.

Swierczewski was heavily wounded in a skirmish in March 1947, as he went on inspection of the Polish troops fighting with Ukrainians without an escort, in an ambush organized by UPA near Baligrod, and died within hours after. There were several conspiracy theories claiming, that the ambush has been arranged by the Soviet intelligence, while Ukrainians who somehow knew about the general's arrival to the area and his escort being left after because of the mechanical problems with both trucks transporting soldiers, were only executors of the Soviet orders. The general, a Pole but essentially a Soviet officer with a heroic record from the Spanish Civil War and a long Red Army war record, had been previously placed lower in the command by Soviet Union than pre-war Polish officers Berling and Rola-Zymierski.