White-marked Tussock Moth Caterpillar.

Description and Life Cycle–There are one or two generations of the white-marked tussock moth depending on the area climate. They overwinter as eggs and hatch as the trees are leafing out in the spring. Each caterpillar has a yellowish body a red head and long black upright tufts of hair protruding from the front end. The larva also has two bright red spots on its back and four yellowish brush-like tufts of hairs on the back toward the head. When mature the larvae are 1 to 1 1/2 inches long. The larvae continue to feed and grow for about 6 weeks until they pupate. The adults emerge from their cocoons about 2 weeks later, and they live another 2 to 4 weeks.

Hosts–The larvae feed on a variety of trees and shrubs, most commonly maple, horsechestnut, birch, apple, sycamore, poplar, linden, elm, rose, fir and larch. Young larvae skeletonize leaves. Older larvae consume entire leaves except for large veins and midribs. In outbreak situations entire trees may be defoliated.

Management–There are several effective parasites, which help control the populations. If necessary treat in mid-May 192—298 GDD50 and again in mid-to late August, 2145—2516 GDD50. *Bifenthrin, *chlorpyrifos, *cyfluthrin, *diflubenzuron, *fluvalinate, *lambda-cyhaltohrin, *permethrin, or spinosad are registered in NY for control of this pest. In addition to defoliating trees, this caterpillar is sometimes considered a pest in urban areas because of the abundant frass they drop and because of their allergenic hairs. A number of natural conditions such as parasites or unfavorable weather normally bring outbreaks under control.

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