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Pregnancy with gonorrhea: symptoms, possible complications, methods of therapy, reviews


 

Content



Pregnancy is a {textend} important stage in every woman's life. It is unpleasant and dangerous to be ill at this time. Many drugs are banned, and viruses and bacteria can adversely affect fetal development. The most serious threat is sexually transmitted diseases. For example, gonorrhea during pregnancy. What to do if you failed to stay healthy and the infection occurred? How to protect the baby inside the womb as much as possible?

Medical reference


Gonorrhea - {textend} is the most famous sexually transmitted disease. The people use another name for it - {textend} "tripper". The infection is microbial and affects men and women with equal frequency. Some time after infection manifests unpleasant symptoms.

 
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Infection occurs during sexual contact without barrier contraception with a sick partner. The pathology is especially dangerous for women in the position of the child inside the womb. Infection with gonorrhea during pregnancy often leads to miscarriage.



causes of illness


The only cause of gonorrhea is the penetration of microbes of the genus Cocci Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The favorite place of localization is the epithelium of the genitourinary tract (mucous membranes of the genitals, urethra, internal organs). In some cases, gonococci affect the rectum and nasopharynx. Therefore, in terms of infection, both traditional sexual intercourse and other possible options pose an equal danger.

During pregnancy, the pathogen may be active in the cervical canal and external cervix. Eventually, it spreads to the body of the uterus, fallopian tubes or areas of the ovaries. Possible damage to the placenta and membranes of the fetus, amniotic fluid. Infection of a pregnant woman also occurs as a result of unprotected sexual intercourse with a sick partner. In some cases, there is contact-household infection.


Options for the course of infection


In many ways, gonorrhea during pregnancy in women is similar to that outside of gestation, but there are a number of typical features. In medical practice, the disease is divided into three stages, each of which has a characteristic clinical picture. it:




Fresh infection is diagnosed if up to 2 months have passed since the infection. The symptoms of the disease are pronounced and gradually increase within 2 weeks after intimate contact without prevention.

Torpid variety of gonorrhea is especially dangerous for pregnant women. Its symptoms are almost imperceptible. The woman is carrying a child and does not seek medical attention. This leads to the transformation of the disease into a chronic form, the treatment of which is much more difficult and longer.

Latent variant of the disease during pregnancy is extremely rare. This is due to the lack of a pronounced clinical picture. On the other hand, the process of conception becomes almost impossible. The latent form of gonorrhea is characterized by the formation of adhesions in the fallopian tubes, which is a kind of obstacle to the meeting of the egg and sperm.




clinical picture


Despite the preventive measures recommended by doctors, gonorrhea during pregnancy is often detected. From the moment of infection to the development of its symptoms usually takes from 5 to 10 days. After this period, the following symptoms may occur:

The disease can cause inflammation of the vaginal glands - {textend} bartholinitis. It is characterized by the appearance of a painful formation with a diameter of about 5 cm. At the same time, a woman's health deteriorates, signs of intoxication develop.

Penetration of pathogenic microflora into the uterine cavity in pregnant women is rare. In this case, the clinical picture is accompanied by increased abdominal pain. Vaginal discharge is abundant, may have streaks of blood or impurities of pus. Even less often, gonococci cause purulent inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, which is dangerous for the development of infertility.

In some cases, the disease occurs without a pronounced clinical picture. Sometimes the signs of infection are not even considered a manifestation of STDs. For example, doctors attribute copious discharge to candidiasis, and incisions during urination to {textend} cystitis.


diagnostic methods


Diagnosis of the disease begins with a survey of the woman. Particular attention is paid to the complaints of the pregnant woman, gynecological examination and medical history. It is not possible to make an accurate diagnosis solely on the basis of the clinical picture. Therefore, a woman must be assigned a number of tests.

First of all the analysis of the smear taken from a surface of mucous and a neck on gonorrhea is carried out. During pregnancy, this study does not pose a threat to the fetus and the well-being of the woman herself. It is completely painless. The resulting material is stained and examined under a microscope. Normal pathogenic microflora should not be. Its detection indicates the presence of infection.

Scraping is also sown on nutrient media to determine the growth of a specific pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics. This approach allows you to choose the most effective and safe treatment appropriate to this gestational age.

Gonorrhea smear during pregnancy is not the only way to detect the disease. Another informative method of diagnosis is the PCR technique. It involves a reaction with biological fluids to determine the DNA of the pathogen. However, such a study can detect the presence or absence of gonococci. Their number, the form of infection, this analysis can not confirm.


Treatment with antibiotics


When during pregnancy the transcript of the smear for gonorrhea shows a positive result, the woman is immediately prescribed treatment. It is usually started immediately at a gynecologist's appointment. Hospitalization may be required only in severe intoxication or threat to fetal development. In this case, therapy is carried out not only the underlying disease, but also associated complications.

The basis of treatment is antibacterial drugs. Drugs from the group of cephalosporins ("Cefixime", "Ceftriaxone") are used. The drug is administered intramuscularly once. In case of an allergic reaction to cephalosporins, they are replaced by "Erythromycin" or other drugs from the group of macrolides.

A single course of therapy is enough to completely overcome the disease. Sometimes re-administration of antibiotics is required. In this case, another drug is selected for which the pathogenic flora has not developed resistance.


Other treatments


When gonorrhea is combined with other diseases of the genital area, topical drugs must be prescribed.

Antiseptics (Hexicon, Fluomizin) are recommended to reduce discharge and relieve itching in the first trimester. Treatment of gonorrhea during pregnancy in the second trimester is supplemented by more powerful drugs ("Terzhinan", "McMirror"). They are available in the form of candles. Well remove inflammation and eliminate unpleasant symptoms of the infectious process. The duration of local treatment is not more than 10 days.

If there are complications on the background of gonorrhea, the pregnant woman is hospitalized. In case of risk of miscarriage, the main therapy is supplemented with means to reduce the tone of the uterus. Placental insufficiency is stopped by drugs that normalize blood circulation in the uterus and umbilical cord.

Features of childbirth with gonorrhea


Gonorrhea in women during pregnancy is not a significant reason for a cesarean section. As a rule, childbirth occurs naturally, unless there are other indications for surgery. The obstetrician may advise a caesarean section if the fetus is in a difficult condition due to infection or premature ejaculation of amniotic fluid.

The question of surgery arises when the "debut" of gonorrhea occurs at the time of birth. The fetus, passing through the birth canal, can get an infection. In addition, with severe intoxication, the process of giving birth to a baby often ends badly. In this case, the method of delivery depends on the general health of the woman and the intensity of clinical signs of the disease.


Consequences of gonorrhea for women


The consequences of gonorrhea during pregnancy for women can vary significantly and depend on gestational age. In the first trimester, the infection often leads to the formation of endometritis and salpingo-oophoritis, which is dangerous for fetal death, miscarriage and gross defects.

At a later date, there is a high probability of infection of the amniotic membranes, uterus and appendages. Such pathologies lead to premature birth or stillbirth. In addition, after gonorrhea, pregnancy is difficult in the future. At an inflammation of uterine tubes the adhesions interfering with full-fledged fertilization of an ovum are formed in them.

Consequences of gonorrhea for the fetus


In the early stages of infection in the uterus can cause miscarriage or the development of serious defects in the fetus. Even a successful pregnancy is no guarantee that there will be no problems in the later stages of gestation.

In the second half of pregnancy, the infection can penetrate the amniotic sac and provoke chorionamnionitis. Quite often the disease leads to placental insufficiency with subsequent hypoxia of the child. In the third trimester, the development of polyhydramnios is not excluded.

The consequences for a baby of gonorrhea during pregnancy after 30 weeks are often expressed by the discharge of amniotic fluid. Such a situation can provoke the infection of the baby, the birth of the expected term. All premature babies must be transferred to a specialized department, where they are provided with the necessary assistance.

Reviews


How does gonorrhea in women in the photo, you can see in any medical directory. This disease instills fear in all members of the fair sex. If infection cannot be avoided, antibiotic therapy is required.

According to reviews, many expectant mothers are frightened by antibacterial therapy. According to them, such drugs can harm the fetus or provoke abnormalities in its development. In fact, many antibiotics are allowed during pregnancy. Cephalosporins and macrolides have successfully passed clinical trials, where their effectiveness and safety for the baby in the womb have been proven. However, only a doctor can choose the drug and its dosage. Therefore, self-medication is unacceptable. Even worse, ignore the symptoms and do not see a doctor. In this case, the pregnancy may end in miscarriage.

methods of prevention


Any disease is easier to prevent than to treat. To prevent gonorrhea, it is enough to follow the basic rules:



Gonorrhea during pregnancy can be a significant danger for both the woman and the baby inside the womb. The main difficulty is that the disease is not easy to diagnose without proper examination, and treatment does not always give a positive result after one course. Therefore, every woman needs to take care of disease prevention by following fairly simple rules.
signs of pregnancy
signs of pregnancy
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