The area was settled centuries earlier by members of the Avoyel tribe (from whom the parish was named). Over the years, they were conquered and mixed with the Natchez and Tunica tribes, so much so that the original tribe is almost gone.
Spanish explorers showed up in in 1650 but did not stay. In the 1800's European settlers showed up. These had a different culture from the Acadians who settled mostly south of Avoyelles. Avoyelles Parish was created in 1807 as one of the original parishes of Louisiana.
The area is rich in native American history and culture.
The area is bounded by the Red and Atchafalaya Rivers. There are several wildlife management areas located in the parish.