Elâzýg is a city in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey and the seat of Elâzýg Province. It has a population of 323,420 according to the 2009 census, and the plain on which the city extends has an altitude of 1067 metres.

Elâzýg initially developed as an extension of the historic city of Harput, which was situated on a hill and difficult to access in winter

The ancient town and citadel of Kharput (Armenian: Խարբերդ Xarberd, in Eastern Armenian pronunciation: Kharberd, in Western Armenian pronunciation Kharpert or Harput), which means "rocky fortress" in Armenian, was built by the first Armenian kings about five kilometers from modern Elâzýg.