Nuremberg's main market in the heart of the old town is the living room of the city. The world-famous Nuremberg "Christkindlesmarkt" takes place here every year and Germany's largest flea market, the "Trempelmarkt", also has its home on and around the square. When the main market is not attracting visitors with another event, such as the asparagus market, old town or wine festival, the market women offer their goods on weekdays.The oldest buildings on this square are the Beautiful Fountain and the Frauenkirche. Germany's oldest bookshop (Korn und Berg) also has its headquarters on the main market.Hardly any other place in Nuremberg has experienced such an eventful history over the centuries. Until 1349, the area around the main market was Nuremberg's Jewish Quarter. At that time there was a synagogue on the site of the Frauenkirche - this and many Jewish houses were destroyed by the pogrom of Jews in 1349. In the early Middle Ages, the once swampy place was the natural river bed of the Pegnitz.Just like today, the Main Market was primarily a trading place. Until 1809, parts of the square were named after the special markets that took place here (fish market, calf market...). The Nuremberg stock exchange was opened on April 16, 1560 on the west side of the square (between Sebalduskirche and Fleischbrücke) and the market square was called Herrenmarkt.