The archaeological Ensemble of Madinat Al-Zahra was first excavated in 1911 and work has continued to uncover this Muslim Medieval palace complex which covers approximately 10.5 hectors. The complex was once a palatial country home and seat of government built for Rahman III, first caliph of al-Andalus. The Civil War (1010-1013) ended the rule of the Umayyad caliphate and the property fell into disuse and disrepair. The palace’s grand architecture and beauty was designed to reflect the power and status of the Caliphate. It was constructed in 936-940 and served as the de-facto capital of al-Andalus for all of Muslim Spain. Major restorations have taken place, specifically on the Hall of Abd al-Rahman III. The structure, layout and building materials of the complex are considered one of the finest examples of Islamic art.Many of the findings from this site can now be seen in the Archaeological Museum of Cordoba. Tours of the site begin at the Archaeological Ensemble’s Institutional Site. Here you can see an audio-visual presentation about the site and a recreation of what the complete palace complex would have looked like. Here there are also pieces on display which were recovered from the excavation. After spending time here you can take the shuttle bus up to the actual archaeological site.Highlights of the complex include the North Gate; Dar al-Jund which has retained almost all of its original brick paving and ocher painted walls; the Great Gate with 14 arched entrances; the Salon Rico, Mosque, La Casa de la Alberca; the House of Jafar and the Royal House.