Built primarily between 1519-1547 as a hunting lodge for King Francois I. It has 440 rooms, 365 fireplaces and 84 staircases. Four rectangular vault hallways on each floor form a cross-shape. It is surrounded by a 13,000 acre (52.5-km squared) wooded park and game reserve maintained with red deer and enclosed by a 20 mile (31-km) wall.