From Wikipedia:
Joseph Tinner and Dr. Edwin B. Henderson organized the Colored Citizens Protective League (CCPL) in 1915, in response to a local law mandating residential segregation. Citizens from the African-American community filed a lawsuit against the city, seeking to block the ordinance, and successfully prevented the town council from implementing the law. In 1917 the U.S. Supreme Court case of Buchanan vs. Worley, nullified state laws making residential segregation legal.

Dr. Henderson requested a charter for a local branch of the NAACP and was allowed to operate a standing committee, under the authority of the NAACP. In 1918, a charter was granted to which allowed the CCPL to form the Falls Church and Vicinity NAACP. Tinner became the first president, and Henderson became the secretary.

Over the next 50 years the group spearheaded civil rights activities that established precedents for the nation: fighting for public utilities, a larger elementary school, and an effective postal service.