Replacement mineralogies are discussed by Gastonia et al. 2009, Mineral chemistry and alteration of rare earth element (REE) carbonates from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Malawi. American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1216–1222.

"The Zomba-Malosa pear-shaped pluton, emplaced approximately 113 ± 4 Ma (Eby et al. 1995) is composed of a central core of syenite and quartz-syenite, an inner ring of quartz-microsyenite, and an outer ring of peralkaline granite (Bloomfield 1965). This classic A-type anorogenic granitic suite belongs to the Chilwa-alkaline belt of Cretaceous age, which includes several smaller Cretaceous plutons composed of nepheline syenite, sodalite syenite, and carbonatites crop- ping out along the East African Mesozoic rift (Woolley 1987)."

"Sample 10 is composed of goethite + microcline after a Ca- REE fluorocarbonate, probably parisite-(Ce), judging from the crystal morphology. BSE images reveal that goethite and microcline have completely replaced the parent crystal. Textural relationships also evidence that goethite replaces microcline, and this process mainly occurs at the core of microcline crystals and diffuses outward."

"mineral replacements or pseudomorphism reactions by dissolution/reprecipitation: the shape and the volume of the former parisite parent crystal is preserved revealing that the rate of dissolution of the parent equals the rate of precipitation of rhabdophane + cerianite-(Ce) and goethite + microcline"