The production of rose oil begins with the picking of rose flowers early in the morning. Soon after they are picked, the flowers are placed in stills. Each still is loaded with 500 kg of roses and 150 kg of water. After the still door is closed, in order to fully mix the flowers with the water, steam is applied directly. Next, the boiling process is started by directing the steam through the serpentine which winds in the stull. Once the mixture starts to boil, the aromatic compounds released with the breakdown of the cells of the roses are carried off with the steam. The rising steam moves up through the upper cone and into the cooler column. The steam, containing rose oil, precipitates and runs down the cooling column to the separator. In the separator, the less dense oil floats to the top. This oil, eventually stored in bottles, is called “crude oil” or “primary oil”. The water which remains behind after the removal of the primary oil, still contains some more rose oil. This water is collected in a tank and later redistilled in another still. Once again, retrieved from the separator, the resulting oil is called the “secondary oil”. Rose oil is a mixture of the primary and the secondary oils. The water that remains in the separator is the rose-water, a secondary byproduct of rose-oil production.