From the English Heritage handbook: High above Salisbury stands Old Sarum, the site of the ancient city of Salisbury. In the Iron Age, a massive hill-fort was created here, which was later occupied by Romans and Saxons, before being chosen by the Normans for the site of a motte-and-bailey castle.
Old Sarum was to grow into one of the most flourishing settlements in early medieval England: with castle, cathedral, Bishop's Palace and thriving township.
Later, though, it was eclipsed by the new city of Salisbury ('New Sarum')....
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