Nymphaeum (Fountain): The building is a wide U-shape. It was built to collect water brought by aqueduct and distribute it throughout the city. The building includes a reservoir measuring 27 x 3 m, ornamented 9 m high façade, and a pool of 27 x 7 m and 1,5 m deep. The monumental fountain is dated to the first half of the 1st century AD, when the city became the capital and was named Colonia Caesarea.

In Pisidia Antiocheia the water, which came from an altitude of 1465m (in the mountains north of the city), was conveyed over a distance of 11 km in channels, through tunnels and on arches of one or two stories, depending of the terrain; the waterway was partly in stone, and partly made of earthenware tubes. As the nymphaeum is at an altitude of 1178m, the drop from the starting point (287 m) gives an average slope of 2,6 %. The water pressure along such a slope is high; so the pressure of flow was lowered by phases, and when the water arrived at the syphon aqueducts at the end of the system, the flow was controlled with a slope of only 0,02 %. As a result of this feat of engineering, 3000 cubic meters of water was distributed to the city daily without any problems for centuries.

Correspondent: J.M.Criel, Antwerpen.
Source: ‘Pisidian Antioch’ – Ünal Demirer, archaeologist. (Ankara, 1997) .