Galls can be found on just every plant, either on stems, leaves, twigs, roots, flowers. While some galls are formed by fungi, bacteria, or viruses, many are caused by insects. Gall-making insects are usually flies or wasps, but aphids and micro-moths can also create galls. Most are tiny, just about invisible to the naked eye. One exception is the fly that makes the familiar round Goldenrod gall. For the most part, galls are not detrimental to plants, being very self-contained, not spreading through roots, stem, leaves, etc. I find them fascinating and there are so many different types that it becomes a bit of a game to try and find and ID them.

New images are at the beginning.