Papilio aegeus, Papilionidae
in my garden, north Queensland, Australia
The "Orchard" in this species' name refers to the caterpillar's food preference for members of the citrus family including planted citrus trees.
I planted a native member of the family (Lime Berry, Micromelum minutum) specifically to attract this and another swallowtail species to my garden. Within a few weeks, this caterpillar appeared.
I was torn between survival of the small plant and that of the caterpillar; the caterpillar won but must have been taken by a predator as it disappeared some time before running out of food on its small host - no sign of a pupal case.
The caterpillar was rather obvious and made no attempt to hide, and there's an abundance of birds in my garden - Kookaburra, Currawong, Butcherbirds - that are likely to enjoy such a morsel.

See previous photo for the adult of the species.